Endoscopy publishes studies on the use of endoscopy in the field of gastroenterology. The language of the journal is English. Papers from any country will be considered for publication.

Manuscripts submitted to the journal should not already have been published previously in English or any other language, nor should they be under consideration for publication elsewhere in English or any other language.

All unsolicited papers are peer-reviewed before it is decided whether they should be accepted, rejected, or returned for revision. The journal reserves the right to edit the language of papers accepted for publication for clarity and correctness, and to make formal changes to ensure compliance with Endoscopy style. Authors have an opportunity to review any such changes in the proofs.

Submission of manuscripts

• Manuscripts can be submitted directly to the journal's editorial office at the following address:
  Prof. M. Classen, Endoscopy Editorial Office
  c/o GF Publishers Med. Red. GmbH
  Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 M\ünchen, Germany
  Tel.: +49-89-4141-923, fax: +49-89-4141-9245.

• Authors in Japan may submit manuscripts to:
  Prof. Hiroaki Suzuki, Dept. of Endoscopy
  Jikei University School of Medicine
  3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Japan
  Tel.: +81-34-331111 ext. 3180, fax: +81-34-594524.

• Authors in the USA may submit manuscripts to:
  Prof. Glen A. Lehman, Dept. of Medicine
  Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,
  University Hospital, 550N. University Blvd. Room 2300,
  Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202-5000, USA
  Tel.: +1-317-274-4821, fax: +1-317-278-0164.

Electronic manuscripts

Manuscripts that have been revised and accepted for publication can be submitted in electronic form on diskette in Word or WordPerfect formats, or via e-mail to:

Reprints

Authors receive 25 reprints free of charge; further reprints can be ordered at cost price when returning the proofs.

Copyright

All rights are held by the publishers, including the right to reproduce all or part of any publication.

Presentation of manuscripts

Authors are invited to submit the following types of paper for consideration : original articles, short communications, progress reports, case reports, letters to the editor, unusual cases and technical notes, \(images in focus\), reviews and editorials.
A covering letter is required, stating the name and address of the main author with telephone and fax numbers. All sections of all types of manuscript must be typewritten with double-line spacing and a left margin of approximately 5cm (2 inches) on each page, and should be submitted in triplicate (figures also in triplicate). In the text, abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and given in parentheses alongside the unabbreviated expression on first use. Commercial names of products should be avoided.

• Title page. The manuscript should have a separate title page including the following items:
  • Full title without abbreviations.
  • Names of all authors with initials only of first names.
  • Main affiliation of each author.
  • Corresponding author's name, full address, fax, and e-mail.

• The summary (abstract), required for original articles and short communications only, should be subdivided as follows:
  • Background and study aims: not more than two sentences outlining previous work in this area and clearly defining the aims of the study.
  • Patients and methods: relevant data on patients, study design (prospective or retrospective), and parameters.
  • Results: presenting the most relevant data.
  • Conclusions: one or two sentences with a special emphasis on the clinical conclusions to be drawn from the study.

• Original articles should present the results of original research in the form of a full-length study. Should contain the following sections: summary, introduction, patients/materials and methods, results, discussion; reference list, tables, figure legends.
• Short communications should report on preliminary observations, observations in a limited number of patients, or new techniques and instruments. Should contain the following sections: summary, introduction, patients/materials and methods, results, discussion; reference list, tables, figure legends.
• Progress reports should present new developments or summarize the work of a group in a new area.
• Case reports should present only cases of exceptional interest. Should contain the following sections: short abstract, introduction, case report, discussion; reference list, tables, figure legends.
• Letters to the editor should refer to a recent article published in the journal.
• Unusual cases and technical notes. This section presents reports on rare cases and new techniques in gastroenterological endoscopy. They should focus on one or two figures or schematic drawings of excellent quality, and should include a short text for explanation. Within this limited space, only the essential information on clinical features, diagnoses and treatment should be presented. The most important case details can also be included in the figure legend. These notes should not contain more information than listed below, presented in the following order:
  • Title page (see \(Title page\( section on this page).
  • Figures and legends (a maximum of two figures with short legends).
  • Text of one page in double-line spacing (no tables). Maximum of approximately 300 words for the main text.
  • A maximum of five references listed in order of citation and in the Endoscopy style (see \(References\( section on this page).

• Images in focus. Papers in this section document a single disorder, illustrating it with one or two outstanding endoscopic, radiological, or histopathological photographs, accompanied by a short legend. No additional text, tables or references are desired. A title clearly describing the disorder concerned should be included. These notes should not contain more information than listed below, presented in the following order:
  • Title page (see \(Title page\( section on this page).
  • No more than two figures, which must be in color (if possible).
  • Legends not exceeding 80 words in total for both figures, in double-line spacing.

• References. The reference style follows the \(Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals\(of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (J Am Med Assoc 1993; 269: 2282--6; copies available from URM Secretariat, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, PA 19106-1572, USA).
  Number references consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals placed in parentheses. In the numbered reference list at the end of the text, use the style of the examples below. Use Index Medicus abbreviations for journal titles.
  • Articles in journals:
    1.Froehlich F, Burnand B, Vader JP, et al. Endoscopies: too many and not enough. Endoscopy 1997; 29: 713--5.

  • Chapters in books:
    2.Grimm H, Soehendra N. Endoscopic biliary drainage. In: Lygidakis NJ, Tytgat GNJ, editors. Hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancies. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1989: 418--25.

• Tables and figures. Each table and figure must be referred to in the text and numbered. Each table must be typed on a separate page with its heading above it. Figures (in triplicate) must be labeled on the back with the figure number, first author's name and an arrow indicating the top. Legends for figures should be typed, starting on a separate page.